Images of Civilizational Aspects During the Reign of Caliph Musa al-Hadi (169-170 AH / 785-786 AD)

Abstract

The study aimed to shed light on certain aspects of civilization during the reign of Caliph Musa al-Hadi (169-170 AH / 785-786 CE), particularly his dedication to the judiciary and the Bureau of Grievances. His focus on justice ensured fairness for his subjects, the restoration of rights, and the proportional application of penalties. Al-Hadi personally presided over grievance hearings daily and carefully selected judges for various provinces. He was also known for his religious commitment, overseeing pilgrimage affairs by appointing an emir and showing keen interest in religious occasions. He actively combated immoral and unethical practices both within his palace and across his realm. Additionally, he promoted healthcare by bringing physicians closer to his court